Importance of the interaction of bacteriophages and ruminal bacteria in the productive development of ruminants
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36436/24223484.244Keywords:
rumen, bacteriófago, fermentación, bacteria, lisogénicoAbstract
The rumen hosts species of bacteria (1010-1011/mL), archaebacteria (107-109/mL), protozoa (104-106/mL), fungi (103-106/mL) and viruses, defined as bacteriophages (109-1010/mL). This ecosystem is dynamic and microbiological interactions favor cometabolism to maintain the physical and chemical conditions of ruminal fermentation. Bacteriophages can influence ruminal metabolism by lysing a large number of bacteria (e.g. cellulolytic, fibrolytic, amylolytic), which participate in the degradation and conversion of feed into short-chain fatty acids and other organic acids that can reduce ruminal pH. Streptococcus bovis is an amylolytic bacterium that produces lactic acid. Specific bacteriophages have been used experimentally as an alternative for preventing subclinical ruminal acidosis (SRA), a disease associated with the proliferation of this bacterium in the rumen of high-yielding dairy cows. The presence of viral genetic material in ruminal bacteria indicates a likely interaction between species growth regulation and DNA transduction, resulting in shared resistance patterns and the maintenance of a group of bacteria adapted to environmental variation. This allows ruminants to acquire greater hardiness and exploit and ferment feed sources according to their production system.Downloads
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